Hair-curling machine



@my @9 mm@ cfa. W. Mmmm HAIR CURLING MACHINE Filed Nov'. 19, 1928 www @www All] ' Q.. Mmmm LM HAIR CURLING MACHINE Patented July `9, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. E

GABRETT 'W'. MUDD, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNIIENTS, TO MANUFACTURERS MACHINERY COMIANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION 0F ILLINOIS.

HAIR-CURLING MACHINE.

Application led November 19, 1928. Serial No.` 320,370.

This invention relates to improvements in machines for curling hair and is particularly adapted, though not necessary limited'in its use for curling short hair, such as hogs hair and the like, for use in cushions, pads, mattresses, pillows, and the like, and one of the objects of the invention is to provide an improved machine of this character which will be comparatively simple in construction and effective and eiicient in operation, and which will dispense with the laborious hand operations heretofore necessary in curling short hair.

A further object is to provide in a machine of this character improved means for moistening the hair while it is being curled, and means for receiving and holding the hair in its twisted condition while the hair is being dried and for conveying away the iinished product.

To the attainment of these ends and the accomplishment of other new and useful objects as will appear, the invention consists in the features of novelty in substantially the construction, combination and arrangement of the several parts hereinafter more fully described and claimed and shown in the accompanying drawings illustrating this invention, and in which Figure 1 is a sectional view taken on line 1--l, Figure 2, of a machine of this character constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention.

Figure 2 is a top plan view of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a detail sectional view, with parts omitted, as taken on line 3 3, Fignre 1.

Figure 4 is a detail sectional view taken on line fir-4, Figure 2.

Referring more particularly to the drawings the numeral l0 designates a hopper of any desired size and configuration into which the hair 11 that is to be curled is placed. Frojecting from the hopper, preferably from one side thereof and preferably adjacent the bottom 12 of the hopper are a plurality of tubular extensions 13 which have communication with the interior of the hopper. These extensions may be of any desired diameter and of any configuration in cross section, but preferably circular, and may be of any-desired length.

Arranged within the hopper and preferably adjacent the bottom 12 thereof are a plurality of plungers 14 which may be of any cated as at 16 and preferably twisted, and

the greatest diameter of the plunger extendingfrom the extremities of the gers or projections l5 is slightly less than the internal diameter of the respective tubular pro- ]eetlons 13.

One of these plungers 14 is provided for each of the tubular extensions 13 and the plungers are supported for a reciprocating movement in a direction lengthwise thereof by means of a plunger rod 17 which passes through a suitable bearing 18 and also a bearing 1.9, the latter being preferably supported by means of a bracket 20.

One of these plungers is provided for each of the tubular extensions 13, and as their construction and operation is the same the specific description of one will apply equally as well to them all.

The free extremity of the plunger rod 17 is provided with a spiral groove 21 with which projections 22 in the bearing 19 cooperate so that when the plunger 14: and plunger rod 17 are reciprocated a rotary movement will be imparted to the plunger 1n one direction while the plunger is being advanced and a rotary movement in the opposite direction will be imparted to the plunger as the Aplunger is retracted.

Any suitable means may be provided for reciprocating the plunger preferably a lever 23 pivotally supported at one end as at 24.

The other end of the lever is connected with a collar 25 which encompasses the plunger rod 17 and is disposed between shoulders or collars 26-27.

One end of a link 28 is pivotally connected as at 29 with the lever 23 and the other end 'hair 11 in the hopner 10 will be caught by the plunger serving as a means to force the hair alon and through the tubular extension 13. f

As t e plungers are retracted the plungers and extensions or fingers 15 will be rotated 1n the opposite directionwhich will cause the extensionsl to disengage the twisted hair 1n the extensionA 13 and this disengagement of the plungers from the hair will be augmented by the frictional contact of the wad of twlsted hair in the tubular extensions 13. u

By constructing the plungers angular 1n cross section as shown in Figure 4, the corners formed by the angular faces of the plunger will assist in twisting the hair.

In order to cause the hair to remain twisted it is advisable, and in fact necessary, to subject the same to the action of moisture, and this may be accomplished by providing an opening 35 in the bottom of the tubular v extensions 13 over which a reticulated inember such as a screen 36 may be placed. Steam or vapQr is supplied from any suitable source through a pipe 37 and discharged into the tubular-extensions13 through the opening 35. An exhaust pipe 38 may be provided for conveying away the steam. I

As the twisted wad of hair emerges from the tubular extensions 13 it is caught between two endless conveyors 38-39 so arranged with respect to each other that one run of each of the conveyors will be disposed. adjacent the other and parallel thereto, the conveyors passing respectively over pulleys from the extensions 13.

The conveyors 38 and 39 are preferably 'l constructed 'of reticulated material so as to permit a drying fluid to be circulated through Athe conveyors and through the wad of hair.

This may be accomplished in any suitable f manner, but preferably by means of a heater 44 and a fan 45, the latter causing air to circulate against the heater 44 and from the heater through the conveyors and the wad of h hair being a vanced thereby.

The heater, endless conveyors and tubular extensions 13 may, if desired, be arranged within a casing 46.

The conveyors 38 and 39 are of such a length that by the time the twisted wad of hair is delivered from between the conveyors the hair will be substantially dry and the curl or wad will be permanently fixed.

The conveyors are adapted to be driven in any suitable manner, not shown, and the pulleys are respectively mounted upon shafts 47-48 journaled in suitable brackets or bearing members 49-5 0.

With this improved apparatus it will be manifest that all that is necessary is to place the short hair within the hopper 10 and start the reciprocation of the plungers 14, the hair being twisted together, moistened and dried as it passes through the machine.

While the preferred form of the invention has been herein shown and described, it is to be understood that various changes may be made in the details of construction and in the combination and arrangement of the several parts, within the scope of the claims, without de arting from the spirit of this invention.

at is claimed as new is 1. A machine for twist-ing short hair embodying a hopper for holding a supply of hair, a tubular form communicating with the hopper, a plunger, means for moving the lunger back and forth in the hopper and 1nto and out'of said tubular form, and means for rotating the plunger in one direction during its forward movement and in the opposite direction during its backward movement.

2. A machine for twisting short hair cmbodying a hopper for holding a supply of hair, a tubular form communicating with the hopper, a plunger, means for moving the plunger back and forth in the hopper and mto and out of said tubular form, means for rotating the plunger in one direction during its forward movement and in the opposite direction during its backward movement, and means for subjecting the hair to the action of moisture as it is being twisted bysaid plunger.

3. A machine for twisting short hair embodying a hopper for holdlng a supply of hair, a tubular form communicating with the hopper, a plunger, means for moving the plungei` back and forth in the hopper and into and out of said tubular form, means for rotating the plunger in one direction during its forward movement and in the opposite direction during its backward movement, and means for subjecting the hair to the action of moist-ure as it is being twisted and advanced by' said plunger through the said tubular orm.

4. A machine for twisting short hair embodying a hop er for holding a supply of hair, a tubular orm communicating wlth the opper, a plunger, means for moving the plunger back and forth in the hopper and lnto and out of said tubular form, means for rotating the plunger in one direction during its forward movement and in the opposite direction during its backward movement, and fingers projecting laterally from the body of the plunger. f .i i

5. A machine for twisting short hair einbodying a hop er for holding a supply of hair, a tubular orm communicating with the hopper, a plunger, means for moving the plunger back and forth in the hopper and into and out of said tubular form, means for rot-ating the plungerin one direction during its forward movement and in the opposite direction during its backward movement, and fingers projecting laterally from the body of the plunger, said fingers inelining toward one end of the plunger.

6. A machine for twisting short haii' embodying a hopper for holding a supply of hair, a tubular member communicating with the hopper, a plunger movable through the hopper and into the said tubular member, forwardly projecting fingers extending from the plunger for engaging the hair, means for reciprocating the plunger, and means for rotating the plunger iny one direction during its forward movementV and in theopposite direction during its backward movement.

7. A machine for twisting short hair einbodying a hopper for holding a supply of hair, a tubular member communicating with the hopper, a plunger movable through the hopper and into the said tubular member, 'forwardly projecting fingers extending from the plunger for engaging the hair, said 1ingers being spaced throughout the length of and eircumferentially about said plunger,

. means iter reciprocating the plunger,y and means ior rot-ating the plunger in one direction during itsforward movement and in the opposite direction during its backward movenient. j

d. A machine for twisting short hair embodying a hopper for holding a supply of hair, a tubular member communicating with the hopper, a plunger movable through the hopper and into the said tubular member, said plunger being angular in cross section, forwardly projecting lingers extending from the plunger for engaging the hair, means for vreciprocatin theplunger, and means for rotating the p unger in one direction during its forward movement and in the opposite direction during its backward movement.

9. A machine -for twisting short hair embodying a hopper for holding a supply of hair, a tubular member communicating with the hopper, a plunger movable through the hopper and into` the said tubular member, the

forward end of said plunger being bifurcated, forwardly projecting fingers extending from the plunger for engaging the hair, mean for reciprocating the plunger, and means for rotating the plunger in one direction durin its forward movement and in the opposite irection during its backward movement.

10. A machine of the character described embodying a ho per forcontaining 'a supply O f hair, a tu ular form having communication with the hopper, a plunger, means for forcing said plunger through the supply of hair in the hopper, means for rotating the plunger in one direction as it is thus moved, and means whereby said plunger will operate to twist the hair as it forces the same from the hopper into said form, the plunger ro'- tating means also operating to rotate the plunger in the opposite direction to cause it to dlsengage the twisted hair as the plunger is retracted.

11. A machine of the character described embodying a hopper for containing a supply' of hair, a tubular form having communication with the hopper, a plunger, means for forcing said plunger through the supply of hair in the hopper, means for rotating the plunger in one direction as it is thus moved, means whereby said plunger will operate to twist the hair as it forces the same from the hopper into said form, the plunger rotating means also operating to rotate the plunger in the opposite direction to cause it to disengage the twisted hair as the plunger is retracted, and means for subjecting the hair to the action of moisture as it is being twisted by said plunger.

12. A machine of the character described embodying a hopper for containing a supply of hair, a tubular form having communicationwith the hopper, a plunger, means for forcing said plunger through the supply of hair in the hopper, means for rotating the plunger in one direction as it is thus moved, means whereby said plunger will operate to twist the hair as it forces the same from the hopper into said form, the plunger rotating means also operating to rotate the plunger in the opposite direction to cause it to disengage the twisted hair as the plunger is retracted, means for subjecting the hair to the action of moisture as it is being twist-ed by said plunger, means for conveying away the twisted hair, and means for drying the hair as it is thus conveyed along.

13. A machine of the character described embodying a hopper for containing a supply of hair, a plunger, meansv for reciprocating the plunger, mea-ns for rotating the plunger as it is reciprocated, for twisting the hair and forcing it out of the hopper, and a pair of conveyors having opposed grooves disposed in proximity to form a space to conform to the shape of the wad of twisted hair for holding the hair in shape while it is being conveyed by said conveyors.

14:. A machine of the character described embodying a hopper for containing a supply of' hair, a plunger, means for reciprocating the plunger, means for rotating the lunger as it is reciprocated, for twisting t e hair and forcing it out of the hopper, and a pair l of endless conveyors having rooves extending lengthwise thereof, one o the runs of the conveyors being disposed 1n roximty to each other whereby the groves will co-operate to form a space between the conveyors to conformto and receive a twisted wad of hair.

15. A machine of the character described embodying a hopper for containinga supply of hair, a plunger, means for reclprocatmg the plunger, means for rotating the plunger as it is reciprocated, for twisting the hair and forcing it out of the hopper, a pair of endless conveyors having grooves extending lengthwise thereof, one of the runs of the conveyors being disposed in proximity to each other whereby the grooves will co-operate to form a space between the conveyors to conform to and receive a twisted wad of hair, and

means for circulating a drying medium through said conveyors and against the hair for drying the same as it is conveyed by said conveyors.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, on this 24th day of October, A. D. 1928.

GARRETT W. MUDD. 

